Chemical Analysis
Absorption Spectroscopyis a technique where light is absorbed as it passes through a liquid and the wavelengths or bands transmitted are characteristic of that material Concentrations can be derived when standards are available.
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Fluorescence Spectroscopyis based on the properties of materials that absorb light at a specific wavelength or band and emit light at a different wavelength. Fluorescence is very useful for mineralogy, and fluorescent tagging of chemical processes
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Raman Spectroscopyrelies on the laser excitation of a material or liquid which subsequently causes emission of wavelengths different than that of the laser. The shift in those wavelengths can provide a unique and very sensitive measurement of a chemical.
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